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《法學(xué)雜志》2012年第三期目錄與摘要

http://cehavas.com　 2012-7-24 14:54:23　 來源：中國法學(xué)會網(wǎng)

1 、尹田教授
 
【摘要】 <正>尹田,男,1954年2月出生,四川宜賓人。1983年畢業(yè)于西南政法大學(xué)法律系,后留該校任教,1985年破格評為講師,1992年評為副教授,1992年由國家教委公派赴法國圖盧茲社會科學(xué)大學(xué)留學(xué),1993年底回國后任西南政法大學(xué)法
 
【關(guān)鍵詞】 物權(quán)法； 中國民法典； 立法研究； 天津師范大學(xué)； 社會科學(xué)； 副教授； 法律系； 四川宜賓； 理論評析； 合同法；
 
2 、論利用影響力受賄罪司法認(rèn)定中的幾個(gè)問題  高銘暄;陳冉（北京師范大學(xué)刑事法律研究所）; 
【摘要】 利用影響力受賄罪是《中華人民共和國刑法修正案(七)》中的新增罪名,雖然其在犯罪構(gòu)成上與斡旋受賄行為有相似性,但在具體理解上卻有明顯的區(qū)別。利用影響力受賄罪的犯罪主體不僅包括了近親屬還包括了"其他"密切關(guān)系人,在近親屬的理解上應(yīng)當(dāng)采取民事關(guān)系認(rèn)定中的廣義概念,在其他密切關(guān)系人的認(rèn)定上要結(jié)合客觀條件具體判斷,做到主客觀相統(tǒng)一。在判斷行為人是否利用影響力時(shí),應(yīng)按照一般人的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行事前判斷,在影響力對象的判斷上需要結(jié)合具體情況具體分析。
【Abstract】 In the Criminal Law amendment(Ⅶ), bribery by using influence is a newly-increased crime. Although it is similar with mediating bribery crime in behavior style, there are obvious differences in understanding the constitution of the two crimes. This paper, based on two actual cases, introduces the object of the crime and the standard on judging influence. The object of crime of bribery by using influence includes not only close relatives that should be identified in civil law legal relationship, but also others who has close relationship with it. We should judge the influence according to the rule set for the general people and analyze it in concrete situation. Besides, in order to deal with the phenomenon of false promises and people who link the relationship for bribery, we discuss the theory of fraud, accomplice and intermediary behavior from the perspective of the distinction between the bribery by using influence and the common bribery.
 
【關(guān)鍵詞】 密切關(guān)系人； 利用影響力； 虛假承諾； 中間環(huán)節(jié)；
【Key words】 close relationship using influence false promises intermediate link；
 
3 、試析有組織犯罪的演變特征及存在形態(tài)  張遠(yuǎn)煌;林德核（北京師范大學(xué)法學(xué)院）;  
【摘要】 我國有關(guān)黑社會性質(zhì)組織犯罪的立法雖經(jīng)多次修訂和司法解釋,不僅仍難以消除理論上的紛爭和執(zhí)法上的不統(tǒng)一,而且客觀上也難以發(fā)揮遏制有組織犯罪發(fā)展的功能。立法與司法的這種無為狀態(tài),表面上看只是立法規(guī)范的表述問題,實(shí)質(zhì)上則是因這一刑事規(guī)范本身缺乏堅(jiān)實(shí)的事實(shí)基礎(chǔ)導(dǎo)致在立法觀念與規(guī)范設(shè)計(jì)上出現(xiàn)重大缺陷。科學(xué)立法的基礎(chǔ)在于把握力圖調(diào)控的犯罪事實(shí)特征及其本土性的現(xiàn)實(shí)反映。唯有如此,才能確立科學(xué)的有組織犯罪觀念,并不斷地完善有效打擊有組織犯罪的法律制度。
【Abstract】 Though legislation on the underworld organized crime in China has repeatedly been amended and interpreted, it still cannot eliminate the theoretical disputes and objectively it is hard to play the roles in curbing the development of organized crime. This inaction of legislation and judicature is seemingly due to the expression of the legal norms, but the real reason is that this criminal code is not based the true facts, which leads to the serious flaws in the legislative ideas and the design of norms. Scientific legislation should be based the true facts of organized crime in China. Only in this way can we establish the scientific concept of organized crime and design effective system of rules against it.
 
【關(guān)鍵詞】 有組織犯罪； 演變特征； 存在形態(tài)； 立法弊端；
【Key words】 organized crime characteristics of evolution form of presence legislative defect；
 
4 、論我國未成年人前科消滅制度的構(gòu)建  黃曉亮;徐嘯宇（北京師范大學(xué)法學(xué)院）;   
【摘要】 未成年人是一個(gè)特殊的群體,對未成年人的保護(hù)一直為社會所廣泛關(guān)注。我國《刑法》關(guān)于前科報(bào)告制度的規(guī)定毫無例外地適用于未成年人,對于那些剛剛步入社會的年輕人來說,如果因曾經(jīng)的犯罪行為而背負(fù)一生難以擺脫的"罪犯"標(biāo)簽,其負(fù)面影響之深遠(yuǎn)不容忽視�！吨腥A人民共和國刑法修正案(八)》關(guān)于未成年人免除前科報(bào)告義務(wù)的規(guī)定為未成年人前科消滅制度的構(gòu)建打開了一個(gè)缺口,引發(fā)我們關(guān)于建立未成年人前科消滅制度的深入思考。
【Abstract】 Juvenile formed a special group and the protection of juvenile has been extensively concerned by the society. According to China criminal law, the rule of reporting criminal record is applied to the juvenile without exception. So juvenile will be under the crime label for all their lives, meanwhile it has the ever-profound negative impact. The eighth criminal law amendment provided a train of thought that we should research on the topic of elimination of juvenile’s criminal record seriously. We focus on the necessity and practicability of establishing the legal system of eliminating juvenile’s criminal record, and provide specific design of regulations on the basis of the experience of foreign countries.
 
【關(guān)鍵詞】 未成年人； 前科； 消滅；
【Key words】 juvenile delinquency criminal record elimination；
 
5 、論牽連犯的內(nèi)涵、特征及處罰原則  馮野光（吉林師范大學(xué)法政學(xué)院）;閆莉（北京市海淀區(qū)人民檢察院）;  
【摘要】 牽連犯在我國立法上未作出明文規(guī)定,理論界存在多種觀點(diǎn),不能達(dá)成共識。本文對牽連犯的內(nèi)涵、特征及處罰原則進(jìn)行了探討,分析了法學(xué)界的各種觀點(diǎn),經(jīng)過考查認(rèn)為對于牽連犯仍然適合從一重處斷的處罰原則。　
【Abstract】 The term of implicated offense is not clearly stipulated in writing in the legislation of our country. In term of theory there are some different opinions that get no common view. The article approaches implicated offense from the connotation, feature and rules of punishment, analyzing different opinions in the field of law. One point is to adopt inflict punishment with one heavier crime to implicated offense.
 
【關(guān)鍵詞】 牽連犯的內(nèi)涵； 牽連犯的特征； 處罰原則；
【Key words】 connotation of implicated offense feature of implicated offense rules of punishment；
 
6 、遏制恐怖活動(dòng)的法律思考——《關(guān)于加強(qiáng)反恐怖工作有關(guān)問題的決定》評析  張磊（北京師范大學(xué)刑事法律科學(xué)研究院）;孔凡學(xué)（山東省濟(jì)寧市人民檢察院）;   
【摘要】 《關(guān)于加強(qiáng)反恐怖工作有關(guān)問題的決定》界定了恐怖活動(dòng)等相關(guān)概念的內(nèi)涵,明確了反恐工作領(lǐng)導(dǎo)機(jī)構(gòu)和組織力量,建立了恐怖活動(dòng)組織和人員名單的認(rèn)定和公布制度,完善了涉恐資產(chǎn)的凍結(jié)機(jī)制。但是《關(guān)于加強(qiáng)反恐怖工作有關(guān)問題的決定》還只是一個(gè)框架性的產(chǎn)物,需要進(jìn)一步出臺實(shí)施細(xì)則以彌補(bǔ)其不足,同時(shí)在適當(dāng)時(shí)機(jī)出臺專門的《反恐法》,開創(chuàng)反恐立法新格局�！�
【Abstract】 Decision of Strengthening Anti-terrorism Issues offers a definite connotation of terrorism and other related concept, emphasizes the anti-terrorism leadership & organizational power, sets up determination and announcement system of terrorist organization and personnel list, improves the mechanism of terrorism-related assets frozen. But the decision is only a frame of product, needs further implementing rules. We should develop anti-terrorism law timely so as to start a new pattern of anti-terrorism legislation.
 
【關(guān)鍵詞】 反恐； 恐怖活動(dòng)； 概念； 涉恐資產(chǎn)；
【Key words】 anti-terrorism terrorist activity concept terrorism-related assets；
 
7 、農(nóng)村集體土地征收中被征收人的權(quán)利缺損及其補(bǔ)全——從以集體所有權(quán)為中心到以農(nóng)民用益物權(quán)為中心  張力（西南政法大學(xué)民商法學(xué)院）;  
【摘要】 農(nóng)民集體土地所有權(quán)由于缺乏一級市場上的價(jià)值發(fā)現(xiàn)機(jī)制,同時(shí)公益性征收中土地改變用途未必能產(chǎn)生地價(jià)增值,導(dǎo)致農(nóng)村集體土地征收中被征收人權(quán)利缺損難以通過以集體所有權(quán)為中心的補(bǔ)償制度來彌補(bǔ)。新農(nóng)村建設(shè)中農(nóng)民土地承包經(jīng)營權(quán)等用益物權(quán)不僅是未來農(nóng)民個(gè)體生存權(quán)與發(fā)展權(quán)獲得實(shí)現(xiàn)的主要法律形式,農(nóng)民用益物權(quán)流通市場的發(fā)展也使之更充分的被市場發(fā)現(xiàn)價(jià)值,從而針對農(nóng)民用益物權(quán)的專門補(bǔ)償適合成為彌補(bǔ)農(nóng)村集體土地公益性征收中被征收人權(quán)利缺損的新的制度中心。 　
【Abstract】 The legal form in which the farmers’ right to live and right to development can be achieved in the future and the development of circulation market of farmers’ usufructuary rights market can make the value discovery better, the specialized compensation directing at farmers’ usufructuary rights is suitable for the new center of the system that could complete the farmer’s right deficiency in the expropriation of rural collectively-owned land for public good.
 
【關(guān)鍵詞】 征收補(bǔ)償； 集體所有權(quán)； 農(nóng)民用益物權(quán)；
【Key words】 compensation of expropriation collective ownership farmers’ usufructuary rights；
 
8 、城市房屋產(chǎn)權(quán)的保護(hù):責(zé)任規(guī)則、財(cái)產(chǎn)規(guī)則與管制性征收  魏建（吉林大學(xué)數(shù)量經(jīng)濟(jì)研究中心）; 
【摘要】 《征收條例》實(shí)現(xiàn)了房屋產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)方式從"責(zé)任規(guī)則"到"財(cái)產(chǎn)規(guī)則"的轉(zhuǎn)變,提高了文本意義上的產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)水平,但《征收條例》下被征收人的福利水平和社會福利水平的提高都面臨著不確定性,要取決于政府的行為。事實(shí)上,《征收條例》的實(shí)施在一定程度上激勵(lì)政府采取管制性征收的方式獲得房屋產(chǎn)權(quán),使得被征收人的利益受到更大的侵害。因此要從政府、法院、被征收人等多方面著力才能促進(jìn)實(shí)現(xiàn)"高補(bǔ)償、低交易成本"的征收最優(yōu)狀態(tài)。 　
【Abstract】 The Ordinance changes the way of house property right protection from the responsibility rule to property rule, and improves the level of proper intellectual property protection on text meaning, but increase of the welfare level of the people is being expropriated and society welfare faces uncertainties from the Ordinance, it depends on the government behavior. In fact, to some extent, implementation of the Ordinance motivates the government gaining the house property right by regulatory taking, making the interests of subject being expropriated receive more infringement. So we should promote the best state of high compensation, low trade cost’ from the governments,courts,people being expropriated,etc.
 
【關(guān)鍵詞】 城市房屋產(chǎn)權(quán)； 房屋征收； 責(zé)任規(guī)則； 財(cái)產(chǎn)規(guī)則； 管制性征收；
【Key words】 property rights of urban housing housing levy liability rules property rules regulatory taking；
 
9 、征地補(bǔ)償與農(nóng)民財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)益保護(hù)問題研究  王鐵雄（上海海事大學(xué)法學(xué)院）; 
【摘要】 通過借鑒國外征收補(bǔ)償與財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)法制的先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn),結(jié)合我國征收補(bǔ)償與財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)法制歷史與現(xiàn)狀,在學(xué)術(shù)界已有研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,針對我國征地補(bǔ)償實(shí)踐中存在的"有法不依"和"無法可依"現(xiàn)象與我國現(xiàn)行征地補(bǔ)償與農(nóng)民財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)益保護(hù)法律制度中存在的主要問題,為改革我國征地補(bǔ)償與農(nóng)民財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)益保護(hù)法律制度提供對策建議:堅(jiān)持農(nóng)民財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)益保護(hù)、征地和補(bǔ)償三位一體、從保護(hù)農(nóng)民財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)益角度改革征地補(bǔ)償法律制度;從實(shí)體法與程序法上建構(gòu)對農(nóng)民財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)益的制度性保護(hù)與個(gè)別性保護(hù),以改變征地實(shí)踐中"有法不依"與"無法可依"現(xiàn)象、確保農(nóng)民財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)益的存續(xù)保護(hù)與價(jià)值保護(hù)。 　
【Abstract】 Referring to the advanced experience of foreign legal system in takings and compensation and property protection, which combines with our country’s history and current situation of legal system in takings and compensation and property protection, on the basis of the academic research achievements, aiming at the phenomenon of "no laws to abide by" and "failure to observe the law" in our country’s practice of land’s takings and compensation and the general problems in our current legal system about land’s takings and compensation and protection for farmers’ property rights, there are proper countermeasures and suggestions to reform our current legal system in land’s takings and compensation and protection for farmers’ property rights:i.e.,insisting on Trinity of protection for farmers’ property rights and land’s takings and compensation to reform legal system of land’s takings and compensation in the view of protecting farmers’ property rights; constructing institutional and individual protection for farmers’ property rights according to substantive law and procedural law in order to convert the phenomenon of "no laws to abide by" and "failure to observe the law" in our country’s practice of land’s takings and ensure surviving and value protection for farmers’ property rights.
 
【關(guān)鍵詞】 土地征收； 補(bǔ)償安置； 農(nóng)民； 財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)； 法律對策；
【Key words】 takings of land compensation and resettlement farmers protection for property right legal countermeasure；
 
 
10 、公平正義是化解社會矛盾的根本原則  孫國華;方林（中國人民大學(xué)法學(xué)院）;  
【摘要】 重視和做好社會矛盾化解是新時(shí)期、新形勢下我國的現(xiàn)實(shí)要求,也是構(gòu)建和諧社會的必要條件。社會矛盾實(shí)質(zhì)上是最終受一定社會物質(zhì)生活條件制約的社會關(guān)系、利益關(guān)系的矛盾,公平正義則是在這種物質(zhì)生活條件下基本適合生產(chǎn)力發(fā)展要求的、達(dá)到一定平衡的從而能為大多數(shù)人認(rèn)同為公平、正義的利益關(guān)系。實(shí)現(xiàn)社會主義初級階段的公平正義是預(yù)防和化解現(xiàn)階段我國的社會矛盾的根本原則,完善社會主義法制、厲行法治是實(shí)現(xiàn)社會公平正義、預(yù)防和化解社會矛盾的根本原則和基本條件�！�
【Abstract】 Emphasizing and successfully resolving social contradictions is the practical requirement of the new situation in the new period of China, as well as the necessary condition for constructing a harmonious society. The essence of social contradictions is the contradiction of interest relationships, which is the reflection of the production relationship under certain productivity conditions within the ultimate constraints of social material conditions, and also the demonstration of contradictions and conflicts of other social relationships and interest relationships constrained by this kind of production relationship. Fairness and justice is a kind of interest relationship agreed by the majority in a certain condition of social life, which is regarded as a certain balance among rightful interest relationships. Realizing socialist fairness and justice is the fundamental principle of preventing against and resolving social contradictions in China, while advanced socialist legal system and ruling of law is the important safeguard to realize socialist fairness and justice as well as preventing against and resolving social contradictions.
 
【關(guān)鍵詞】 社會矛盾； 公平正義； 法制； 法治；
【Key words】 social contradictions fairness and justice legal system rule of law；
 
11 、人民調(diào)解制度的創(chuàng)新與發(fā)展  劉敏（南京師范大學(xué)法學(xué)院）;    
【摘要】 進(jìn)入21世紀(jì)以后,我國人民調(diào)解無論在立法上,還是在實(shí)務(wù)中,都出現(xiàn)了比較大的創(chuàng)新,人民調(diào)解組織不再局限于村委會和居委會的人民調(diào)解委員會;人民調(diào)解員不再局限于村民委員會成員、居民委員會成員及群眾選舉產(chǎn)生的公民;人民調(diào)解協(xié)議具有合同效力;人民調(diào)解與訴訟(司法)實(shí)現(xiàn)了有效銜接與對接。在調(diào)解全球化的趨勢下,要保持我國人民調(diào)解的活力,并發(fā)揮更大的作用,有必要進(jìn)一步明確人民調(diào)解在我國糾紛解決體系中的地位,更好地處理好人民調(diào)解與訴訟的關(guān)系,深刻把握人民調(diào)解的正當(dāng)性基礎(chǔ),嚴(yán)格規(guī)范人民調(diào)解員的行為。 　
【Abstract】 More innovations appear both in legislation and practice in people’s mediation of China after its entering into the 21st century. People’s mediation organizations are no longer confined to people’s mediation committees of village committees or neighborhood committees; people’s mediators are no longer limited to members of village committees and neighborhood committees or citizens elected by the masses; people’s mediation agreement has a validity of contract; people’s mediation has achieved an effective link up and docking with litigation(Justice).To maintain the vitality of people’s mediation in China and make it play a greater role under the trend of mediation globalization, it is necessary for us to further clarify the status of people’s mediation in Chinese dispute settlement system, to better handle the relationship between people’s mediation and litigation, to profoundly grasp of the legitimacy ground of people’s mediation, and to strictly regulate the behaviors of people’s mediators.
 
【關(guān)鍵詞】 人民調(diào)解； 創(chuàng)新； 發(fā)展； 合意； 保密；
【Key words】 people’s mediation development agreement confidentiality；
 
12 、綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)在中國的啟蒙與復(fù)興  周珂（中國人民大學(xué)法學(xué)院）;歐陽杉（云南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)）;  
【摘要】 綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)的概念為突破可持續(xù)發(fā)展機(jī)制面臨的這個(gè)瓶頸在理念和方法上提供了一個(gè)新的機(jī)遇和選擇,為可持續(xù)發(fā)展注入了新的活力。綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)體現(xiàn)了生態(tài)文明的理念,追求經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展與環(huán)境保護(hù)的共贏與和諧。綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)的概念在當(dāng)今經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化背景下尤其珍貴,有利于克服經(jīng)濟(jì)高度商品化帶來的環(huán)境問題深化和危機(jī),實(shí)現(xiàn)全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展;綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)對中國等經(jīng)濟(jì)高速發(fā)展國家尤其重要。在中國經(jīng)歷了舉步維艱的綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)目前正在獲得新的發(fā)展契機(jī)。 　
【Abstract】 The idea of "green economy" brings new energy to "sustainable development" with new possibilities to solve the bottleneck which exists in the practice of "sustainable development." The green economy reflects the concept of ecological civilization, pursuing harmony and win-win of the economic growth and environmental protection. The idea of "green economy" is precious in the global-economy-background. It is valuable for overcoming the deepening environmental crisis which came from the market economic form, and to achieve the sustainable development of global economy. “Green economy" is especially meaningful to those countries whose economy is in high-speed, such as China. The action of practicing "green economy" in China is not easy, but is also gaining new chances to develop.
 
【關(guān)鍵詞】 綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)； 綠色； GDP； 低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)； 可持續(xù)發(fā)展；
【Key words】 green economy green GDP low carbon economy sustainable development；
 
13 、渤海油田漏油事故法律問題分析  曹明德;王琬璐（中國政法大學(xué)民商經(jīng)濟(jì)法學(xué)院）;   
【摘要】 渤海油田漏油事故造成了極為嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境污染,對海洋生態(tài)環(huán)境、海洋資源均產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重影響。在此事件中,海洋局并未及時(shí)主動(dòng)公開這一突發(fā)性的環(huán)境污染事件,應(yīng)依法承擔(dān)相應(yīng)的行政責(zé)任,而事故責(zé)任人應(yīng)承擔(dān)相應(yīng)的民事責(zé)任,包括但不限于清理油污、賠償海洋生態(tài)損害、漁業(yè)資源損害、漁民損失等,海洋局和漁業(yè)部門可代表國家對事故責(zé)任人提供環(huán)境民事公益訴訟。檢察機(jī)關(guān)亦應(yīng)追究事故責(zé)任人的刑事責(zé)任。 　
【Abstract】 The oil spill raised from Bahia oil field has caused grievous environmental pollution, brought adverse influence to both marine ecological environment and marine resource. During the first month of the oil leakage, National Oceanic Administration did not disclose the emergency pollution event to the public, and thus should bear administrative liability. Those responsible for the tragedy shall take civil liability,inter alia,cleaning-up,compensation for damages of marine ecological environment, compensation for damages of fishery industry, compensation for the loss of fishermen.National Oceanic Administration as well as Fishery Department could be on behalf of the State, file public interest litigation into court.Procuratorate shall also look into the criminal liabilities of those responsible.
 
【關(guān)鍵詞】 蓬萊； 19-3油田； 損害賠償； 公益訴訟；
【Key words】 19-3； oil； field； of； Penglai； compensation； public； interest； litigation；
 
 
14 、法學(xué)視野下的人工器官產(chǎn)品研究  何悅;劉云龍（天津大學(xué)文法學(xué)院）;   
【摘要】 隨著生物材料技術(shù)、免疫抑制技術(shù)、轉(zhuǎn)基因和克隆工程的發(fā)展,人工器官正逐漸通過實(shí)驗(yàn)研究進(jìn)入臨床應(yīng)用階段,為解決器官捐獻(xiàn)人不足開辟了新途徑。受法律調(diào)整的人工器官應(yīng)當(dāng)包括人工材料制成的醫(yī)療設(shè)備和裝置、利用干細(xì)胞技術(shù)培育的人工器官和組織、被敲除與人血不相容的動(dòng)物DNA片段的動(dòng)物器官和組織。人工器官與生命倫理密切相關(guān),其造成的損害具有特殊性。警示、召回是人工器官缺陷的主要補(bǔ)救措施。人工器官分配除了應(yīng)當(dāng)考慮相對成功率、預(yù)期壽命和家庭角色,還應(yīng)當(dāng)考慮擬植入候選人的過去服務(wù),以便體現(xiàn)公正原則。
【Abstract】 Powered by the latest development of biomaterial technology, immune suppression technique, genetically modified(GM)and cloning projects, study of artificial organs is entering a new phase, from experimental study into clinical practice. It provides a new way to solve the problem of short supply of donated organs. By challenging the current definition of artificial organs, this paper is putting forward a more accurate one in the perspective of law, which includes medical equipment and devices made by artificial materials, artificial organs and tissues grown from stem cells, and animal organs and tissues with no incompatible DNA fragments.Moreover,this paper makes an examination in the legal sense and a jurisprudential analysis of the features of artificial organs, their distribution and the remediation of their deficiency, and proves that artificial organs are closely related to bioethics, so their damage to the patients should be unique and that we should consider not only comparative success rate, life expectancy, family roles but also the previous contributions of the candidates to be implanted in artificial organs distribution, in order to reflect the principles of justice.
 
【關(guān)鍵詞】 人工器官； 人體器官； 生命倫理； 產(chǎn)品責(zé)任； 侵權(quán)責(zé)任； 補(bǔ)救措施；
【Key words】 artificial organs human organs bioethics product liability tort liability remedation；
 
15 、歐盟私法法典化與我國民法典的制訂  汪淵智（山西大學(xué)法學(xué)院）;   
【摘要】 隨著歐盟一體化進(jìn)程的加快,客觀上要求歐盟在私法領(lǐng)域制定一部內(nèi)部協(xié)調(diào)統(tǒng)一、具有宏觀性、體系性的民法典,經(jīng)過法學(xué)家的理論準(zhǔn)備,歐盟官方對學(xué)術(shù)研究的響應(yīng)和對私法發(fā)展方向的正確選擇,最終促使《共同參考框架(草案)》(DCFR)的完成。歐盟私法法典化進(jìn)程中,雖然具有濃厚的工具色彩,但融合了不同的法律文化與傳統(tǒng),體現(xiàn)出了現(xiàn)代私法的最新理念與精神。歐盟私法法典化在法典的制定、法典的精神以及法典的結(jié)構(gòu)、內(nèi)容、統(tǒng)一性方面,無疑對我國民法典的制定具有很大的借鑒意義。 　
【Abstract】 With the acceleration of the process of European integration, it is an objective need to erode a civil code which is harmonious and unified internally, macroscopic and systematical in private law area. Through jurists’ theories preparation, the European union official issues "Principles, Definitions and Model Rules of European Private Law, Draft Common Frame of Reference(DCFR)"eventually, which responds to academic research and is a correct choice of private law’s development. The codification of European private law mixes different legal culture and tradition, and reflects on the modern private law’s the latest idea and spirit, though it has a strong implemental colouring.Undoubtedly,the codification of European private law has great reference significance on formulation of China’s civil code in the code of enactment,spirit,structure,content and unification.
 
【關(guān)鍵詞】 歐盟一體化； 私法法典化； 民法典；
【Key words】 integration of the European Union codification of private law civil code；
 
16 、論旅游合同懲罰性違約金的設(shè)定  孟凡哲（北京第二外國語學(xué)院法政學(xué)院）;  
 
【摘要】 當(dāng)下立法在旅游者權(quán)利救濟(jì)上存在不足。懲罰性違約金擔(dān)保債務(wù)履行、降低交易成本、維護(hù)市場秩序的功能決定了旅游合同懲罰性違約金設(shè)定的必要性。懲罰性違約金的設(shè)定應(yīng)限于特定情形,以旅游經(jīng)營者主觀上的故意和重大過失為必要條件,并與損害賠償相脫離。在適用上應(yīng)體現(xiàn)形式的純粹性、內(nèi)容的確定性、變更的限定性和與其他規(guī)則的協(xié)調(diào)性。 更多還原
【Abstract】 There are some defects of tourists’ right remedy in current legislation. It is necessary to perform punitive liquidated damages due to its function of guarantee debt performance, reducing transaction cost, maintaining the market order. The punitive liquidated damages should be limited to specific situations and satisfied to necessary conditions that tour operator has subjective intention and gross negligence, as well as it should separate from damages indemnification. When application, it should embody the form of purity, the content of certainty, the change of limitation, and the coordination with other rules.
 
【關(guān)鍵詞】 旅游合同； 違約金； 懲罰；
【Key words】 tourism contract liquidated damages penalty；
 
17 、機(jī)動(dòng)車交通事故責(zé)任強(qiáng)制保險(xiǎn)疑難問題研究  孫玉榮（北京工業(yè)大學(xué)）;
 
【摘要】 我國的機(jī)動(dòng)車交通事故責(zé)任強(qiáng)制保險(xiǎn)制度自建立以來一直飽受社會各界爭議。在2010年和2011年的全國人大會上,全國人大代表先后對提高交強(qiáng)險(xiǎn)責(zé)任限額、取消賠償限額等問題提出司法改革建議。本文對有關(guān)受害第三人問題、保險(xiǎn)公司的責(zé)任限額及訴訟地位和責(zé)任免除等機(jī)動(dòng)車交通事故責(zé)任強(qiáng)制保險(xiǎn)若干疑難問題作了探討�！�
【Abstract】 With the implement of the automobile third party liability compulsory insurance system, there are always some legislative suggestions about the defects and improvement of the system. This paper puts importance on the system of the third liability compulsive insurance, such as third party as victim and the compensation range of the insurance corporation.
 
【關(guān)鍵詞】 強(qiáng)制險(xiǎn)； 保險(xiǎn)公司； 賠償范圍；
【Key words】 compulsory liability insurance insurance corporations compensation range；
  
18 、勞動(dòng)抗辯權(quán)初論  吳萬群（阜陽師范學(xué)院）;  
【摘要】 勞動(dòng)抗辯權(quán)是指勞動(dòng)者享有的在勞動(dòng)關(guān)系運(yùn)行過程中拒絕用人單位的勞動(dòng)請求或勞動(dòng)指示的權(quán)利,在性質(zhì)上屬自力救濟(jì)權(quán)。我國對勞動(dòng)指示權(quán)抗辯的直接法律規(guī)定主要在勞動(dòng)保護(hù)法中,不過在勞動(dòng)立法中卻沒有針對勞動(dòng)請求權(quán)抗辯的規(guī)定,《合同法》可以提供此種法律依據(jù)。實(shí)踐中,勞動(dòng)抗辯權(quán)行使會遇到一些障礙,應(yīng)有針對性地予以克服。勞動(dòng)抗辯權(quán)是保護(hù)勞動(dòng)者生命健康權(quán)的最佳方式,具有效率高且成本低的優(yōu)勢,其行使效果表現(xiàn)為暫停提供勞動(dòng),但一旦抗辯事由消失則勞動(dòng)關(guān)系又恢復(fù)到正常狀態(tài)。　
【Abstract】 The laborer’s counterargument right is the right that the laborer can refute the employer’s labor performance claims or instructions during carrying a labor contract under lawful conditions and it’s a kind of right of self-remedy. In our country, the stipulation to right of defense against labor instructions mainly is directly provided for in the labor protection law. Although there is no direct stipulation to the right of defense against labor claims at our present labor law, the Law of Contract can supply legal basis for it.Put theory into practice, exercise of the right always encounter some obstacles, we should put forward some countermeasures. Comparatively speaking, exercising the right is the best way to protect the laborer’s life and health, with the advantages of high efficiency, low cost. Exercise means to discharge the obligation of continuous supplying labor until the ground of pleading doesn’t exist while bearing no legal liability.
 
【關(guān)鍵詞】 勞動(dòng)者； 勞動(dòng)抗辯權(quán)； 勞動(dòng)請求； 勞動(dòng)指示；
【Key words】 the labourer the labourer’s counterargument right the labour claims the labour instructions；
 
19 、我國慈善事業(yè)發(fā)展的法治困境及路徑選擇  楊思斌（中國勞動(dòng)關(guān)系學(xué)院）;  
 
【摘要】 我國慈善事業(yè)的快速發(fā)展凸顯了對法治規(guī)范的迫切需求。以法治理念觀之,我國慈善領(lǐng)域存在立法層次低、專門性法律缺乏、現(xiàn)行制度對慈善事業(yè)限制過多以及政府與社會的權(quán)界尚未理清等問題,造成慈善事業(yè)公信力普遍弱化、法律激勵(lì)慈善捐贈(zèng)的功能沒有充分實(shí)現(xiàn)等困境。在法治理念的指引下進(jìn)行慈善法律制度的重構(gòu)是走出慈善事業(yè)發(fā)展困境的路徑選擇。 　
【Abstract】 The rapid development of China’s charity highlights the urgent need for the rule of law. From the view of the rule of law, there are many problems of the philanthropy in China, such as low legislative level, lack of specialized legal system, too much restrictions on philanthropy and the unclear boundary on powers and responsibilities between government and community, which causes many scrapes such as generally weakening public credibility and not fully realized function of legal incentives to charitable donations. Reconstruct the legal system under the guidance of the idea of the rule of law in charity is the path choice out of dilemma of charity development.
 
【關(guān)鍵詞】 慈善事業(yè)； 法治； 慈善立法；
【Key words】 philanthropy the rule of law charity legislation；
 
20 、從傳統(tǒng)走向現(xiàn)代:社會保障權(quán)司法救濟(jì)的檢省與矯正  鄭瑩（遼寧大學(xué)）;   
 
【摘要】 社會保障權(quán)是社會保障法的核心,是現(xiàn)代社會的一項(xiàng)基本人權(quán),其本質(zhì)是社會權(quán)。有權(quán)利就應(yīng)當(dāng)有救濟(jì),其中司法救濟(jì)又是權(quán)利救濟(jì)途徑中最權(quán)威、最行之有效的方式,是保障公民社會保障權(quán)利恒久不易的追求。由于社會保障權(quán)的特殊性質(zhì),傳統(tǒng)的民事和行政救濟(jì)體系已不能適應(yīng)社會保障爭議的需要,打破傳統(tǒng)的普通訴訟程序,借鑒國外成熟經(jīng)驗(yàn),完善和創(chuàng)設(shè)符合社會保障權(quán)特征的現(xiàn)代的特殊司法救濟(jì)機(jī)制已成為必然之選。 　
【Abstract】 Right to social security is the core of the Social Security Act and one kind of the basic human rights of modern society, and its essence is social right. Where there is a right,there should be a relief to the right. Judicial relief is the most authoritative and effective way among all kinds of reliefs. Judicial relief is the enduring pursuit to guarantee citizens’ right to social security.However,due to the special nature of the right to social security, traditional civil and administrative relief systems have been unable to meet the social security disputes.Therefore,to break the traditional ordinary proceedings, learn from foreign mature experiences and improve and create the special judicial relief mechanism that conforms to the modern features of right to social security has become an inevitable choice.
【關(guān)鍵詞】 社會保障權(quán)； 社會保障爭議； 司法救濟(jì)；
【Key words】 right to social security social security dispute judicial relief；
 
21 、勞動(dòng)權(quán)的平等保護(hù)及禁止就業(yè)歧視的法律思考  龐鐵力（吉林大學(xué)法學(xué)院）; 
【摘要】 目前我國社會就業(yè)歧視現(xiàn)象愈演愈烈,勞動(dòng)權(quán)作為公民的基本權(quán)利之一,其內(nèi)在包含的就業(yè)平等權(quán)要求禁止就業(yè)歧視,因此禁止就業(yè)歧視是勞動(dòng)權(quán)的題中之義。本文將以勞動(dòng)權(quán)的平等保護(hù)為出發(fā)點(diǎn),界定就業(yè)歧視的概念和主要表現(xiàn)形式,論述禁止就業(yè)歧視的必要性。我國禁止就業(yè)歧視的相關(guān)立法存在不足,應(yīng)從立法、執(zhí)法、司法三方面完善禁止就業(yè)歧視、維護(hù)勞動(dòng)者的就業(yè)平等權(quán)的法律保障。 　
【Abstract】 The phenomenon of employment discrimination is more and more prevalent in our current society. Labor rights, as one of the citizens’ fundamental rights, include equal employment right which requires the prohibition on employment discrimination.Thus,it is logical that labor rights mean the prohibition of employment discrimination. This article is going to talk about the definition and main forms of employment discrimination based on the equal protection of labor rights. Then the article will summarize relevant Chinese legislation on prohibition of employment discrimination and analyze its weakness. Finally the author will give some advices on the legislation to improve prohibition of employment discrimination and the protection of laborers’ equal employment right.
 
【關(guān)鍵詞】 就業(yè)歧視； 勞動(dòng)權(quán)； 就業(yè)平等權(quán)；
【Key words】 employment discrimination labor rights equal employment right；
 
 
 
22 、儒學(xué)與古希臘思想相通性的法哲學(xué)闡釋——兼及中華法系復(fù)興的理論前提  武建敏（河北經(jīng)貿(mào)大學(xué)法學(xué)院）;  
【摘要】 春秋戰(zhàn)國和古希臘都屬于人類文明發(fā)展史上的軸心時(shí)代,均為思想的源頭,它們對各自的文化思想傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響。盡管先秦儒學(xué)和古希臘三位哲人的思想存在諸多的差異,但他們思想的相通性也是非常明顯的。他們在實(shí)踐理性、辯證思維以及對實(shí)踐智慧的追求和關(guān)懷等方面具有深刻的相通性,這些契合性構(gòu)成了對儒學(xué)與古希臘思想相通性進(jìn)行法哲學(xué)闡釋的理論落足點(diǎn)。這些因素也是中華法系復(fù)興的重要理論前提。 　
【Abstract】 The period of Chun Chiu & Chan Kuo and ancient Greece were both the axial age in the development history of human civilization,which deeply affected the traditions of culture and thought. Although there were some differences between Confucianism and the thought of the ancient Greece whose main thinkers were Socrates, Plato and Aristotle, we must recognize the similarities and common characteristics between them, which showed concretely as followed: practical reason, dialectic thinking and phronesis.These features can be considered as the base of comparative studies between Confucianism and ancient Greece from the view of legal philosophy, in the meantime which are also the theoretical premise.
 
【關(guān)鍵詞】 儒學(xué)； 古希臘； 中華法系；
【Key words】 Confucianism ancient Greece phronesis；
 
23 、我國民事再審事由的立法完善  陳春梅（華中科技大學(xué)社會學(xué)系）;胡夏冰（最高人民法院）;  
 
【摘要】 民事再審事由雖然在2007年《民事訴訟法》中得到了修補(bǔ),但仍需要進(jìn)一步規(guī)范和完善。完善我國民事再審事由的基本思路是,嚴(yán)格控制民事再審事由的范圍,將民事再審事由限制在生效裁判的基礎(chǔ)出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重瑕疵和訴訟程序存在重大違法等方面;增加民事再審事由形式要件的規(guī)定,使民事再審事由成為可以在外觀上能夠輕易識別、在實(shí)務(wù)中具有可操作性的客觀化、具體化情形。 　
【Abstract】 The reasons for Chinese civil retrial were amended in the 2007 Civil Procedure Law, but they still need to be further standardized and improved. The basic idea of perfecting the reasons for civil retrial is to strictly control the scope of the reasons for civil retrial, and provide the formal requirements of the reasons for civil retrial. The reasons for civil retrial should be in appearance easily identified, and to be operationalized in practice.
 
【關(guān)鍵詞】 民事再審事由； 立法完善； 基本思路；
【Key words】 the reasons for civil review legislation improvement basic ideal；
 
24 、以檢察室為載體延伸檢察機(jī)關(guān)法律監(jiān)督職能問題的思考  天津市人民檢察機(jī)關(guān)聯(lián)合課題組;張序;白春安;   
 
【摘要】 檢察機(jī)關(guān)是國家的法律監(jiān)督機(jī)關(guān),對基層司法執(zhí)法活動(dòng)進(jìn)行監(jiān)督是其法定職責(zé)。然而,當(dāng)前檢察機(jī)關(guān)缺少更多的在基層的機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)置,直接影響了檢察機(jī)關(guān)法律監(jiān)督職能的更有效發(fā)揮。在當(dāng)前推進(jìn)三項(xiàng)重點(diǎn)工作的背景下,檢察機(jī)關(guān)應(yīng)當(dāng)以推進(jìn)檢察室建設(shè)為載體延伸法律監(jiān)督職能,服務(wù)基層基礎(chǔ)建設(shè),維護(hù)人民群眾權(quán)益。法律應(yīng)當(dāng)明確檢察室的設(shè)置、賦予檢察室獨(dú)立的編制以健全基層司法體系,同時(shí)檢察機(jī)關(guān)應(yīng)明確檢察室的職責(zé)地位,加強(qiáng)對檢察室的物質(zhì)人員保障,對其執(zhí)法活動(dòng)進(jìn)行監(jiān)督制約,促進(jìn)其工作規(guī)范開展。　
【Abstract】 Prosecution is our country’s legal supervisory bodies, law enforcement activities of the primary judicial supervision of its statutory duties.However,the current lack of prosecution at the grassroots level of the institutional setting, which directly affects the prosecution of legal oversight functions effectively. Promote the three priorities in the current context, the prosecution should be to promote the extension of attorney room building for the expansion of the carrier function of legal supervision,services,grassroots infrastructure and protecting people’s rights. This paper argues that the law should explicitly set the attorney room to give room for independent prosecutors prepared to improve grass-roots judicial system, while the prosecution should be clear responsibilities attorney room status, room to strengthen the prosecution of material personnel protection, monitoring of its enforcement activities constraints, and promote standards to carry out its work.
 
【關(guān)鍵詞】 檢察室； 法律監(jiān)督； 司法體系；
【Key words】 attorney room legal supervision judicial system；
 
25 、清代基層法官的綜合素質(zhì)及啟示——以司法判牘為材料  任海濤（華東師范大學(xué)法律系）;  
 
【摘要】 法官素質(zhì)高低對于國家法治建設(shè)關(guān)系重大。清代基層司法判牘中反映了當(dāng)時(shí)法官的政治素質(zhì)、專業(yè)素質(zhì)和職業(yè)道德素質(zhì)水平。他們之所以形成這些素質(zhì),主要受到儒家思想、社會閱歷、工作職權(quán)三方面的影響。這個(gè)研究對于我們今天在司法改革中,如何認(rèn)識法官綜合素質(zhì)、區(qū)分不同類型法官素質(zhì)差異,并且對我國未來法官素質(zhì)提高進(jìn)行預(yù)期,提供了重要啟示�！�
【Abstract】 The quality level of the judge is very important to the development of the legal practice of one nation. The sentences of the basic court in Qing Dynasty reflect the political quality, professional quality and occupation moral quality level of judges. They got these qualities, mainly by Confucianism, social experience and the scope of work. The research will provide important inspiration for realizing the comprehensive quality, distinguishing the differences between different types of judges’ quality, improving the quality of judges in judicial reform.
 
【關(guān)鍵詞】 清代； 基層法官； 綜合素質(zhì)； 司法改革；
【Key words】 Qing Dynasty judges in basic court comprehensive quality judicial reform；
 
 
 
26 、論夫妻約定財(cái)產(chǎn)制度的適用困境——由夫妻二人公司出資協(xié)議性質(zhì)爭議引發(fā)的思考  林承鐸（中國人民大學(xué)）;   
 
【摘要】 夫妻二人出資所創(chuàng)辦的公司,其股東出資協(xié)議的性質(zhì)存在一定的爭議,如何界定并厘清夫妻二人公司,討論夫妻財(cái)產(chǎn)制契約的性質(zhì)和夫妻二人公司的股東出資協(xié)議的性質(zhì)則顯得十分必要,揭示我國夫妻財(cái)產(chǎn)制的立法不足,探究解決辦法也相當(dāng)重要。夫妻財(cái)產(chǎn)制契約是身份契約,夫妻二人公司的股權(quán)出資協(xié)議不是夫妻財(cái)產(chǎn)制契約。要完善婚姻法律制度必須改變"一事一議"的立法模式。 　
【Abstract】 This article was written to define couple’s company, to discuss the nature of marital property system and shareholders’ investment agreement, to reveal the inadequate legislation and applicable difficulties of the matrimonial property system of China and to explore their solutions. Matrimonial property contract is status contract. The couple’s equity investment agreement is not matrimonial property contract. To improve the legal system must change the legislative model.
 
【關(guān)鍵詞】 夫妻約定財(cái)產(chǎn)制； 夫妻財(cái)產(chǎn)制契約； 夫妻二人公司； 股東出資協(xié)議； 財(cái)產(chǎn)分割協(xié)議；
【Key words】 conjugal property system marital property contract couple’s company shareholders’ investment agreement property division agreement；
 
27 、美國產(chǎn)品責(zé)任中的純粹經(jīng)濟(jì)損失規(guī)則探析——兼論我國相關(guān)法律制度的構(gòu)建  郭潔（對外經(jīng)貿(mào)大學(xué)）;
  
【摘要】 在美國的侵權(quán)法上,因產(chǎn)品自身存在的缺陷而發(fā)生的產(chǎn)品本身價(jià)值的減損、修理更換發(fā)生的費(fèi)用,以及因產(chǎn)品不能使用而發(fā)生的利潤損失等被視為是一種純粹經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。針對該類損失,美國的法院創(chuàng)造了責(zé)任排除規(guī)則,并且各州在對這一規(guī)則在運(yùn)用時(shí)采用的是一種靈活且有彈性的實(shí)踐方式。這樣靈活的純粹經(jīng)濟(jì)損失規(guī)則對于我國相關(guān)法律制度的構(gòu)建非常有借鑒意義�！�
【Abstract】 In American tort law, loss incurred by product injuries itself be taken as a pure economic loss, include the diminution in the value of the product, repair replacement costs, and the profit loss because the product does not work for the general purposes. For such economic loss, American courts developed the liability exclusionary rule. And this rule is used in a flexible way by States courts. Such a flexible economic loss rule is worth learning for the construction of the relevant legal system in China.
 
【關(guān)鍵詞】 產(chǎn)品責(zé)任； 純粹經(jīng)濟(jì)損失； 排除規(guī)則；
【Key words】 products liability pure economic loss exclusionary rule；
 
28 、完善我國商業(yè)健康保險(xiǎn)法制的若干思考  何佳馨（中國社會科學(xué)院法學(xué)研究所）;  
 
【摘要】 本文分三個(gè)方面,就我國剛剛確立起來的三大社會基本醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)(城鎮(zhèn)職工基本醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)、城鎮(zhèn)居民基本醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)和新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn))之外的商業(yè)健康保險(xiǎn)作了一個(gè)比較系統(tǒng)的闡述,對商業(yè)健康保險(xiǎn)法制的形成、發(fā)展中遇到的問題、完善商業(yè)健康保險(xiǎn)法制的一些措施做了分析,對我國保險(xiǎn)法理論和實(shí)務(wù)的發(fā)展闡述了自己的思考。 　
【Abstract】 This paper is divided into three aspects and it makes a more systematic exposition on the commercial health insurance besides our country’s three basic social medical insurance(urban workers, urban residents and new rural cooperative medical system).This paper analyses the formation and the problems of the development of the commercial health insurance system in recent years. It also analyses how to develop and improve the commercial health insurance system.Finally,it elaborated its thought on the theories and practice of Chinese insurance law.
 
【關(guān)鍵詞】 商業(yè)健康保險(xiǎn)； 現(xiàn)狀； 問題； 立法完善；
【Key words】 commercial health insurance current situation problems legislative improvement；
 
29 、論知識產(chǎn)權(quán)法中動(dòng)漫角色之界定與保護(hù)  劉晶明（上海聯(lián)創(chuàng)投資管理公司）; 
 
【摘要】 二十一世紀(jì)是東西方文化不斷交流、融合的時(shí)代。由于我國動(dòng)漫產(chǎn)業(yè)落后,使得我國在面對西方強(qiáng)勢文化的侵襲時(shí)有些無能為力。我們需要通過對動(dòng)漫角色的法律保護(hù)研究,建立符合我國國情需要的動(dòng)漫角色法律保護(hù)體系,為中國的動(dòng)漫產(chǎn)業(yè)保駕護(hù)航,此舉對大力發(fā)展"創(chuàng)意文化"產(chǎn)業(yè)亦具有非常重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文借鑒國內(nèi)外有關(guān)學(xué)說和判例,參考國內(nèi)已有研究成果,介紹了商品化權(quán)領(lǐng)域中的"角色"、動(dòng)漫角色與虛構(gòu)角色的聯(lián)系,即動(dòng)漫角色是虛構(gòu)角色三種類型中的一種以及美國對虛構(gòu)角色的界定理論,深入討論動(dòng)漫角色的配音是否屬于動(dòng)漫角色、動(dòng)漫角色與真實(shí)人物的界限、兩個(gè)動(dòng)漫角色界定的問題,并對美國、日本在動(dòng)漫角色保護(hù)方面進(jìn)行比較和分析。 　
【Abstract】 The comic & cartoon in China have always been deemed as a dreadful works to be avoided at all costs for many years.But,the 21st century is the era where there is constantly cultural exchange and mix between the east and the west. Because of the backward in comic & cartoon industry, we can do nothing to the invasion of western culture.So,Chinese government proposed making great efforts in "creative industry”. Through the research on protection for merchandising right in comic & cartoon characters, we can establish the legal protection system for the comic & cartoon characters, which will protect the whole comic & cartoon industry and is significant to the national strategy, developing "creative industry”. In this paper, according to the current achievements available in the research, I use a lot domestic and abroad legal precedents and theories to introduce the definition in USA and Japan,to summarize the merchandising right in comic & cartoon characters and emphatically discuss the conception and the classification of characters. And I also do some comparative study and analysis of legal protection for comic and cartoon characters in USA and Japan.
 
【關(guān)鍵詞】 動(dòng)漫角色； 法律保護(hù)； 商品化權(quán)；
【Key words】 comic & cartoon character legal protection merchandising right；
 
30 、論我國公共財(cái)政救助問題銀行的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)  趙佳星（對外經(jīng)貿(mào)大學(xué)法學(xué)院）;  
 
【摘要】 當(dāng)問題銀行陷入流動(dòng)性或支付性危機(jī)時(shí),為避免銀行倒閉引發(fā)的多米諾骨牌效應(yīng),維護(hù)金融體系穩(wěn)定,對問題銀行實(shí)施公共財(cái)政救助已成為各國政府和金融監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)的主要救助措施。我國相關(guān)法律制度不完善,公共財(cái)政救助的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不明確,隨意性較強(qiáng),不僅大大加重了政府負(fù)擔(dān),也極易引發(fā)道德風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和通脹危機(jī),因此亟需厘清公共財(cái)政救助問題銀行的職能邊界。救助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)應(yīng)遵循系統(tǒng)性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)原則、最終救濟(jì)手段原則、成本最小化原則、推定模糊原則�！�
【Abstract】 When the problem banks fall into financial crisis or liquidity crisis, in order to avoiding domino effect and maintaining the stabilization of financial system, implementation of public finance bailout is becoming the important choice of many financial regulators around the world. China has spent trillions of public finance funds to rescue problem banks.However,due to the lack of relevant legislations in this field, there is lack of clear criterion of public finance bailout. This greatly not only increases the government burden, but also causes moral hazard and the risk of inflation happened easily. So it’s necessary to define the boundary of public finance bailout to problem banks as soon as possible.
 
【關(guān)鍵詞】 問題銀行； 公共財(cái)政； 政府救助；
【Key words】 Problem Banks Public Finance Government bailout；
 
31 、我國大運(yùn)河“申遺”的國際法思考  朱媛（南京大學(xué)法學(xué)院）;  
 
【摘要】 在國際法視野中,不僅存在國家主義與世界主義的博弈,而且不斷發(fā)展變化的國際法理念也影響著世界遺產(chǎn)價(jià)值判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的演進(jìn),對正確理解"申遺"的行為性質(zhì)、"申遺"的類型、"申遺"應(yīng)遵循的國際法原則極具意義,有利于我國大運(yùn)河"申遺"工作的進(jìn)展。 　
【Abstract】 In the vision of international law, there is the game between nationalism and cosmopolitanism.Moreover,the evolving concept of the international law not only affects the evolution of criteria for judging the value of the World Heritage, but also is of great significance for understanding of the nature of the behavior,types,principles of international law of "Application for World Cultural Heritage" correctly, and has an important role in guiding application for world cultural heritage of the Grand Canal of China to success.
 
【關(guān)鍵詞】 世界遺產(chǎn)； 國際法理念； 國家主義； 世界主義；
【Key words】 world heritage concept of international law nationalism cosmopolitanism；
 
 
 

日期：2012-7-24 14:54:23 | 關(guān)閉 |  分享到：