中華人民共和國行政訴訟法(附英文)
中華人民共和國行政訴訟法(附英文)
全國人民代表大會
中華人民共和國行政訴訟法(附英文)
中華人民共和國主席令(七屆第16號)
《中華人民共和國行政訴訟法》已由中華人民共和國第七屆全國人民代表大會第二次會議于1989年4月4日通過,現(xiàn)予公布,自1990年10月1日起施行。
中華人民共和國主席 楊尚昆
1989年4月4日
中華人民共和國行政訴訟法(附英文)
1989年4月4第七屆全國人民代表大會第二次會議通過
《中華人民共和國行政訴訟法》已由中華人民共和國第七屆全國人民代表大會常務(wù)委員會第二次會議于1989年4月4日通過,現(xiàn)予公布,自1990年10月1日起施行。
中華人民共和國主席 楊尚昆
1989年4月4日
目 錄
第一章 總 則
第二章 受案范圍
第三章 管 轄
第四章 訴訟參加人
第五章 證 據(jù)
第六章 起訴和受理
第七章 審理和判決
第八章 執(zhí) 行
第九章 侵權(quán)賠償責(zé)任
第十章 涉外行政訴訟
第十一章 附 則
第一章 總 則
第一條 為保證人民法院正確、及時(shí)審理行政案件,保護(hù)公民、法人和其他組織的合法權(quán)益,維護(hù)和監(jiān)督行政機(jī)關(guān)依法行使行政職權(quán),根據(jù)憲法制定本法。
第二條 公民、法人或者其他組織認(rèn)為行政機(jī)關(guān)和行政機(jī)關(guān)工作人員的具體行政行為侵犯其合法權(quán)益,有權(quán)依照本法向人民法院提起訴訟。
第三條 人民法院依法對行政案件獨(dú)立行使審判權(quán),不受行政機(jī)關(guān)、社會團(tuán)體和個(gè)人的干涉。
人民法院設(shè)行政審判庭,審理行政案件。
第四條 人民法院審理行政案件,以事實(shí)為根據(jù),以法律為準(zhǔn)繩。
第五條 人民法院審理行政案件,對具體行政行為是否合法進(jìn)行審查。
第六條 人民法院審理行政案件,依法實(shí)行合議、回避、公開審判和兩審終審制度。
第七條 當(dāng)事人在行政訴訟中的法律地位平等。
第八條 各民族公民都有用本民族語言、文字進(jìn)行行政訴訟的權(quán)利。
在少數(shù)民族聚居或者多民族共同居住的地區(qū),人民法院應(yīng)當(dāng)用當(dāng)?shù)孛褡逋ㄓ玫恼Z言、文字進(jìn)行審理和發(fā)布法律文書。
人民法院應(yīng)當(dāng)對不通曉當(dāng)?shù)孛褡逋ㄓ玫恼Z言、文字的訴訟參與人提供翻譯。
第九條 當(dāng)事人在行政訴訟中有權(quán)進(jìn)行辯論。
第十條 人民檢察院有權(quán)對行政訴訟實(shí)行法律監(jiān)督。
第二章 受案范圍
第十一條 人民法院受理公民、法人和其他組織對下列具體行政行為不服提起的訴訟:
(一)對拘留、罰款、吊銷許可證和執(zhí)照、責(zé)令停產(chǎn)停業(yè)、沒收財(cái)物等行政處罰不服的;
(二)對限制人身自由或者對財(cái)產(chǎn)的查封、扣押、凍結(jié)等行政強(qiáng)制措施不服的;
(三)認(rèn)為行政機(jī)關(guān)侵犯法律規(guī)定的經(jīng)營自主權(quán)的;
(四)認(rèn)為符合法定條件申請行政機(jī)關(guān)頒發(fā)許可證和執(zhí)照,行政機(jī)關(guān)拒絕頒發(fā)或者不予答復(fù)的;
(五)申請行政機(jī)關(guān)履行保護(hù)人身權(quán)、財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)的法定職責(zé),行政機(jī)關(guān)拒絕履行或者不予答復(fù)的;
(六)認(rèn)為行政機(jī)關(guān)沒有依法發(fā)給撫恤金的;
(七)認(rèn)為行政機(jī)關(guān)違法要求履行義務(wù)的;
(八)認(rèn)為行政機(jī)關(guān)侵犯其他人身權(quán)、財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)的。
除前款規(guī)定外,人民法院受理法律、法規(guī)規(guī)定可以提起訴訟的其他行政案件。
第十二條 人民法院不受理公民、法人或者其他組織對下列事項(xiàng)提起的訴訟:
(一)國防、外交等國家行為;
(二)行政法規(guī)、規(guī)章或者行政機(jī)關(guān)制定、發(fā)布的具有普遍約束力的決定、命令;
(三)行政機(jī)關(guān)對行政機(jī)關(guān)工作人員的獎懲、任免等決定;
(四)法律規(guī)定由行政機(jī)關(guān)最終裁決的具體行政行為。
第三章 管 轄
第十三條 基層人民法院管轄第一審行政案件。
第十四條 中級人民法院管轄下列第一審行政案件:
(一)確認(rèn)發(fā)明專利權(quán)的案件、海關(guān)處理的案件;
(二)對國務(wù)院各部門或者省、自治區(qū)、直轄市人民政府所作的具體行政行為提起訴訟的案件;
(三)本轄區(qū)內(nèi)重大、復(fù)雜的案件。
第十五條 高級人民法院管轄本轄區(qū)內(nèi)重大、復(fù)雜的第一審行政案件。
第十六條 最高人民法院管轄全國范圍內(nèi)重大、復(fù)雜的第一審行政案件。
第十七條 行政案件由最初作出具體行政行為的行政機(jī)關(guān)所在地人民法院管轄。經(jīng)復(fù)議的案件,復(fù)議機(jī)關(guān)改變原具體行政行為的,也可以由復(fù)議機(jī)關(guān)所在地人民法院管轄。
第十八條 對限制人身自由的行政強(qiáng)制措施不服提起的訴訟,由被告所在地或者原告所在地人民法院管轄。
第十九條 因不動產(chǎn)提起的行政訴訟,由不動產(chǎn)所在地人民法院管轄。
第二十條 兩個(gè)以上人民法院都有管轄權(quán)的案件,原告可以選擇其中一個(gè)人民法院提起訴訟。原告向兩個(gè)以上有管轄權(quán)的人民法院提起訴訟的,由最先收到起訴狀的人民法院管轄。
第二十一條 人民法院發(fā)現(xiàn)受理的案件不屬于自己管轄時(shí),應(yīng)當(dāng)移送有管轄權(quán)的人民法院。受移送的人民法院不得自行移送。
第二十二條 有管轄權(quán)的人民法院由于特殊原因不能行使管轄權(quán)的,由上級人民法院指定管轄。
人民法院對管轄權(quán)發(fā)生爭議,由爭議雙方協(xié)商解決。協(xié)商不成的,報(bào)它們的共同上級人民法院指定管轄。
第二十三條 上級人民法院有權(quán)審判下級人民法院管轄的第一審行政案件,也可以把自己管轄的第一審行政案件移交下級人民法院審判。
下級人民法院對其管轄的第一審行政案件,認(rèn)為需要由上級人民法院審判的,可以報(bào)請上級人民法院決定。
第四章 訴訟參加人
第二十四條 依照本法提起訴訟的公民、法人或者其他組織是原告。
有權(quán)提起訴訟的公民死亡,其近親屬可以提起訴訟。
有權(quán)提起訴訟的法人或者其他組織終止,承受其權(quán)利的法人或者其他組織可以提起訴訟。
第二十五條 公民、法人或者其他組織直接向人民法院提起訴訟的,作出具體行政行為的行政機(jī)關(guān)是被告。
經(jīng)復(fù)議的案件,復(fù)議機(jī)關(guān)決定維持原具體行政行為的,作出原具體行政行為的行政機(jī)關(guān)是被告;復(fù)議機(jī)關(guān)改變原具體行政行為的,復(fù)議機(jī)關(guān)是被告。
兩個(gè)以上行政機(jī)關(guān)作出同一具體行政行為的,共同作出具體行政行為的行政機(jī)關(guān)是共同被告。
由法律、法規(guī)授權(quán)的組織所作的具體行政行為,該組織是被告。由行政機(jī)關(guān)委托的組織所作的具體行政行為,委托的行政機(jī)關(guān)是被告。
行政機(jī)關(guān)被撤銷的,繼續(xù)行使其職權(quán)的行政機(jī)關(guān)是被告。
第二十六條 當(dāng)事人一方或雙方為二人以上,因同一具體行政行為發(fā)生的行政案件,或者因同樣的具體行政行為發(fā)生的行政案件、人民法院認(rèn)為可以合并審理的,為共同訴訟。
第二十七條 同提起訴訟的具體行政行為有利害關(guān)系的其他公民、法人或者其他組織,可以作為第三人申請參加訴訟,或者由人民法院通知參加訴訟。
第二十八條 沒有訴訟行為能力的公民,由其法定代理人代為訴訟。法定代理人互相推諉代理責(zé)任的,由人民法院指定其中一人代為訴訟。
第二十九條 當(dāng)事人、法定代理人,可以委托一至二人代為訴訟。
律師、社會團(tuán)體、提起訴訟的公民的近親屬或者所在單位推薦的人,以及經(jīng)人民法院許可的其他公民,可以受委托為訴訟代理人。
第三十條 代理訴訟的律師,可以依照規(guī)定查閱本案有關(guān)材料,可以向有關(guān)組織和公民調(diào)查,收集證據(jù)。對涉及國家秘密和個(gè)人隱私的材料,應(yīng)當(dāng)依照法律規(guī)定保密。
經(jīng)人民法院許可,當(dāng)事人和其他訴訟代理人可以查閱本案庭審材料,但涉及國家秘密和個(gè)人隱私的除外。
第五章 證 據(jù)
第三十一條 證據(jù)有以下幾種:
(一)書證;
(二)物證;
(三)視聽資料;
(四)證人證言;
(五)當(dāng)事人的陳述;
(六)鑒定結(jié)論;
(七)勘驗(yàn)筆錄、現(xiàn)場筆錄。
以上證據(jù)經(jīng)法庭審查屬實(shí),才能作為定案的根據(jù)。
第三十二條 被告對作出的具體行政行為負(fù)有舉證責(zé)任,應(yīng)當(dāng)提供作出該具體行政行為的證據(jù)和所依據(jù)的規(guī)范性文件。
第三十三條 在訴訟過程中,被告不得自行向原告和證人收集證據(jù)。
第三十四條 人民法院有權(quán)要求當(dāng)事人提供或者補(bǔ)充證據(jù)。
人民法院有權(quán)向有關(guān)行政機(jī)關(guān)以及其他組織、公民調(diào)取證據(jù)。
第三十五條 在訴訟過程中,人民法院認(rèn)為對專門性問題需要鑒定的,應(yīng)當(dāng)交由法定鑒定部門鑒定;沒有法定鑒定部門的,由人民法院指定的鑒定部門鑒定。
第三十六條 在證據(jù)可能滅失或者以后難以取得的情況下,訴訟參加人可以向人民法院申請保全證據(jù),人民法院也可以主動采取保全措施。
第六章 起訴和受理
第三十七條 對屬于人民法院受案范圍的行政案件,公民、法人或者其他組織可以先向上一級行政機(jī)關(guān)或者法律、法規(guī)規(guī)定的行政機(jī)關(guān)申請復(fù)議,對復(fù)議不服的,再向人民法院提起訴訟;也可以直接向人民法院提起訴訟。
法律、法規(guī)規(guī)定應(yīng)當(dāng)先向行政機(jī)關(guān)申請復(fù)議,對復(fù)議不服再向人民法院提起訴訟的,依照法律、法規(guī)的規(guī)定。
第三十八條 公民、法人或者其他組織向行政機(jī)關(guān)申請復(fù)議的,復(fù)議機(jī)關(guān)應(yīng)當(dāng)在收到申請書之日起兩個(gè)月內(nèi)作出決定。法律、法規(guī)另有規(guī)定的除外。
申請人不服復(fù)議決定的,可以在收到復(fù)議決定書之日起十五日內(nèi)向人民法院提起訴訟。復(fù)議機(jī)關(guān)逾期不作決定的,申請人可以在復(fù)議期滿之日起十五日內(nèi)向人民法院提起訴訟。法律另有規(guī)定的除外。
第三十九條 公民、法人或者其他組織直接向人民法院提起訴訟的,應(yīng)當(dāng)在知道作出具體行政行為之日起三個(gè)月內(nèi)提出。法律另有規(guī)定的除外。
第四十條 公民、法人或者其他組織因不可抗力或者其他特殊情況耽誤法定期限的,在障礙消除后的十日內(nèi),可以申請延長期限,由人民法院決定。
第四十一條 提起訴訟應(yīng)當(dāng)符合下列條件:
(一)原告是認(rèn)為具體行政行為侵犯其合法權(quán)益的公民、法人或者其他組織;
(二)有明確的被告;
(三)有具體的訴訟請求和事實(shí)根據(jù);
(四)屬于人民法院受案范圍和受訴人民法院管轄。
第四十二條 人民法院接到起訴狀,經(jīng)審查,應(yīng)當(dāng)在七日內(nèi)立案或者作出裁定不予受理。原告對裁定不服的,可以提起上訴。
第七章 審理和判決
第四十三條 人民法院應(yīng)當(dāng)在立案之日起五日內(nèi),將起訴狀副本發(fā)送被告。被告應(yīng)當(dāng)在收到起訴狀副本之日起十日內(nèi)向人民法院提交作出具體行政行為的有關(guān)材料,并提出答辯狀。人民法院應(yīng)當(dāng)在收到答辯狀之日起五日內(nèi),將答辯狀副本發(fā)送原告。
被告不提出答辯狀的,不影響人民法院審理。
第四十四條 訴訟期間,不停止具體行政行為的執(zhí)行。但有下列情形之一的,停止具體行政行為的執(zhí)行:
(一)被告認(rèn)為需要停止執(zhí)行的;
(二)原告申請停止執(zhí)行,人民法院認(rèn)為該具體行政行為的執(zhí)行會造成難以彌補(bǔ)的損失,并且停止執(zhí)行不損害社會公共利益,裁定停止執(zhí)行的;
(三)法律、法規(guī)規(guī)定停止執(zhí)行的。
第四十五條 人民法院公開審理行政案件,但涉及國家秘密、個(gè)人隱私和法律另有規(guī)定的除外。
第四十六條 人民法院審理行政案件,由審判員組成合議庭,或者由審判員、陪審員組成合議庭。合議庭的成員,應(yīng)當(dāng)是三人以上的單數(shù)。
第四十七條 當(dāng)事人認(rèn)為審判人員與本案有利害關(guān)系或者有其他關(guān)系可能影響公正審判,有權(quán)申請審判人員回避。
審判人員認(rèn)為自己與本案有利害關(guān)系或者有其他關(guān)系,應(yīng)當(dāng)申請回避。
前兩款規(guī)定,適用于書記員、翻譯人員、鑒定人、勘驗(yàn)人。
院長擔(dān)任審判長時(shí)的回避,由審判委員會決定;審判人員的回避,由院長決定;其他人員的回避,由審判長決定。當(dāng)事人對決定不服的,可以申請復(fù)議。
第四十八條 經(jīng)人民法院兩次合法傳喚,原告無正當(dāng)理由拒不到庭的,視為申請撤訴;被告無正當(dāng)理由拒不到庭的,可以缺席判決。
第四十九條 訴訟參與人或者其他人有下列行為之一的,人民法院可以根據(jù)情節(jié)輕重,予以訓(xùn)誡、責(zé)令具結(jié)悔過或者處一千元以下的罰款、十五日以下的拘留;構(gòu)成犯罪的,依法追究刑事責(zé)任:
(一)有義務(wù)協(xié)助執(zhí)行的人,對人民法院的協(xié)助執(zhí)行通知書,無故推拖、拒絕或者妨礙執(zhí)行的;
(二)偽造、隱藏、毀滅證據(jù)的;
(三)指使、賄買、脅迫他人作偽證或者威脅、阻止證人作證的;
(四)隱藏、轉(zhuǎn)移、變賣、毀損已被查封、扣押、凍結(jié)的財(cái)產(chǎn)的;
(五)以暴力、威脅或者其他方法阻礙人民法院工作人員執(zhí)行職務(wù)或者擾亂人民法院工作秩序的;
(六)對人民法院工作人員、訴訟參與人、協(xié)助執(zhí)行人侮辱、誹謗、誣陷、毆打或者打擊報(bào)復(fù)的。
罰款、拘留須經(jīng)人民法院院長批準(zhǔn)。當(dāng)事人對決定不服的,可以申請復(fù)議。
第五十條 人民法院審理行政案件,不適用調(diào)解。
第五十一條 人民法院對行政案件宣告判決或者裁定前,原告申請撤訴的,或者被告改變其所作的具體行政行為,原告同意并申請撤訴的,是否準(zhǔn)許,由人民法院裁定。
第五十二條 人民法院審理行政案件,以法律和行政法規(guī)、地方性法規(guī)為依據(jù)。地方性法規(guī)適用于本行政區(qū)域內(nèi)發(fā)生的行政案件。
人民法院審理民族自治地方的行政案件,并以該民族自治地方的自治條例和單行條例為依據(jù)。
第五十三條 人民法院審理行政案件,參照國務(wù)院部、委根據(jù)法律和國務(wù)院的行政法規(guī)、決定、命令制定、發(fā)布的規(guī)章以及省、自治區(qū)、直轄市和省、自治區(qū)的人民政府所在地的市和經(jīng)國務(wù)院批準(zhǔn)的較大的市的人民政府根據(jù)法律和國務(wù)院的行政法規(guī)制定、發(fā)布的規(guī)章。
人民法院認(rèn)為地方人民政府制定、發(fā)布的規(guī)章與國務(wù)院部、委制定、發(fā)布的規(guī)章不一致的,以及國務(wù)院部、委制定、發(fā)布的規(guī)章之間不一致的,由最高人民法院送請國務(wù)院作出解釋或者裁決。
第五十四條 人民法院經(jīng)過審理,根據(jù)不同情況,分別作出以下判決:
(一)具體行政行為證據(jù)確鑿,適用法律、法規(guī)正確,符合法定程序的,判決維持。
(二)具體行政行為有下列情形之一的,判決撤銷或者部分撤銷,并可以判決被告重新作出具體行政行為:
⒈主要證據(jù)不足的;
⒉適用法律、法規(guī)錯(cuò)誤的;
⒊違反法定程序的;
⒋超越職權(quán)的;
⒌濫用職權(quán)的。
(三)被告不履行或者拖延履行法定職責(zé)的,判決其在一定期限內(nèi)履行。
(四)行政處罰顯失公正的,可以判決變更。
第五十五條 人民法院判決被告重新作出具體行政行為的,被告不得以同一的事實(shí)和理由作出與原具體行政行為基本相同的具體行政行為。
第五十六條 人民法院在審理行政案件中,認(rèn)為行政機(jī)關(guān)的主管人員、直接責(zé)任人員違反政紀(jì)的,應(yīng)當(dāng)將有關(guān)材料移送該行政機(jī)關(guān)或者其上一級行政機(jī)關(guān)或者監(jiān)察、人事機(jī)關(guān);認(rèn)為有犯罪行為的,應(yīng)當(dāng)將有關(guān)材料移送公安、檢察機(jī)關(guān)。
第五十七條 人民法院應(yīng)當(dāng)在立案之日起三個(gè)月內(nèi)作出第一審判決。有特殊情況需要延長的,由高級人民法院批準(zhǔn),高級人民法院審理第一審案件需要延長的,由最高人民法院批準(zhǔn)。
第五十八條 當(dāng)事人不服人民法院第一審判決的,有權(quán)在判決書送達(dá)之日起十五日內(nèi)向上一級人民法院提起上訴。當(dāng)事人不服人民法院第一審裁定的,有權(quán)在裁定書送達(dá)之日起十日內(nèi)向上一級人民法院提起上訴。逾期不提起上訴的,人民法院的第一審判決或者裁定發(fā)生法律效力。
第五十九條 人民法院對上訴案件,認(rèn)為事實(shí)清楚的,可以實(shí)行書面審理。
第六十條 人民法院審理上訴案件,應(yīng)當(dāng)在收到上訴狀之日起兩個(gè)月內(nèi)作出終審判決。有特殊情況需要延長的,由高級人民法院批準(zhǔn),高級人民法院審理上訴案件需要延長的,由最高人民法院批準(zhǔn)。
第六十一條 人民法院審理上訴案件,按照下列情形,分別處理:
(一)原判決認(rèn)定事實(shí)清楚,適用法律、法規(guī)正確的,判決駁回上訴,維持原判;
(二)原判決認(rèn)定事實(shí)清楚,但是適用法律、法規(guī)錯(cuò)誤的,依法改判;
(三)原判決認(rèn)定事實(shí)不清,證據(jù)不足,或者由于違反法定程序可能影響案件正確判決的,裁定撤銷原判,發(fā)回原審人民法院重審,也可以查清事實(shí)后改判。當(dāng)事人對重審案件的判決、裁定,可以上訴。
第六十二條 當(dāng)事人對已經(jīng)發(fā)生法律效力的判決、裁定,認(rèn)為確有錯(cuò)誤的,可以向原審人民法院或者上一級人民法院提出申訴,但判決、裁定不停止執(zhí)行。
第六十三條 人民法院院長對本院已經(jīng)發(fā)生法律效力的判決、裁定,發(fā)現(xiàn)違反法律、法規(guī)規(guī)定認(rèn)為需要再審的,應(yīng)當(dāng)提交審判委員會決定是否再審。
上級人民法院對下級人民法院已經(jīng)發(fā)生法律效力的判決、裁定,發(fā)現(xiàn)違反法律、法規(guī)規(guī)定的,有權(quán)提審或者指令下級人民法院再審。
第六十四條 人民檢察院對人民法院已經(jīng)發(fā)生法律效力的判決、裁定,發(fā)現(xiàn)違反法律、法規(guī)規(guī)定的,有權(quán)按照審判監(jiān)督程序提出抗訴。
第八章 執(zhí) 行
第六十五條 當(dāng)事人必須履行人民法院發(fā)生法律效力的判決、裁定。
公民、法人或者其他組織拒絕履行判決、裁定的,行政機(jī)關(guān)可以向第一審人民法院申請強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行,或者依法強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行。
行政機(jī)關(guān)拒絕履行判決、裁定的,第一審人民法院可以采取以下措施:
(一)對應(yīng)當(dāng)歸還的罰款或者應(yīng)當(dāng)給付的賠償金,通知銀行從該行政機(jī)關(guān)的帳戶內(nèi)劃撥;
(二)在規(guī)定期限內(nèi)不執(zhí)行的,從期滿之日起,對該行政機(jī)關(guān)按日處五十元至一百元的罰款;
(三)向該行政機(jī)關(guān)的上一級行政機(jī)關(guān)或者監(jiān)察、人事機(jī)關(guān)提出司法建議。接受司法建議的機(jī)關(guān),根據(jù)有關(guān)規(guī)定進(jìn)行處理,并將處理情況告知人民法院;
(四)拒不執(zhí)行判決、裁定,情節(jié)嚴(yán)重構(gòu)成犯罪的,依法追究主管人員和直接責(zé)任人員的刑事責(zé)任。
第六十六條 公民、法人或者其他組織對具體行政行為在法定期間不提起訴訟又不履行的,行政機(jī)關(guān)可以申請人民法院強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行,或者依法強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行。
第九章 侵權(quán)賠償責(zé)任
第六十七條 公民、法人或者其他組織的合法權(quán)益受到行政機(jī)關(guān)或者行政機(jī)關(guān)工作人員作出的具體行政行為侵犯造成損害的,有權(quán)請求賠償。
公民、法人或者其他組織單獨(dú)就損害賠償提出請求,應(yīng)當(dāng)先由行政機(jī)關(guān)解決。對行政機(jī)關(guān)的處理不服,可以向人民法院提起訴訟。
賠償訴訟可以適用調(diào)解。
第六十八條 行政機(jī)關(guān)或者行政機(jī)關(guān)工作人員作出的具體行政行為侵犯公民、法人或者其他組織的合法權(quán)益造成損害的,由該行政機(jī)關(guān)或者該行政機(jī)關(guān)工作人員所在的行政機(jī)關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)賠償。
行政機(jī)關(guān)賠償損失后,應(yīng)當(dāng)責(zé)令有故意或者重大過失的行政機(jī)關(guān)工作人員承擔(dān)部分或者全部賠償費(fèi)用。
第六十九條 賠償費(fèi)用,從各級財(cái)政列支。各級人民政府可以責(zé)令有責(zé)任的行政機(jī)關(guān)支付部分或者全部賠償費(fèi)用。具體辦法由國務(wù)院規(guī)定。
第十章 涉外行政訴訟
第七十條 外國人、無國籍人、外國組織在中華人民共和國進(jìn)行行政訴訟,適用本法。法律另有規(guī)定的除外。
第七十一條 外國人、無國籍人、外國組織在中華人民共和國進(jìn)行行政訴訟,同中華人民共和國公民、組織有同等的訴訟權(quán)利和義務(wù)。
外國法院對中華人民共和國公民、組織的行政訴訟權(quán)利加以限制的,人民法院對該國公民、組織的行政訴訟權(quán)利,實(shí)行對等原則。
第七十二條 中華人民共和國締結(jié)或者參加的國際條約同本法有不同規(guī)定的,適用該國際條約的規(guī)定。中華人民共和國聲明保留的條款除外。
第七十三條 外國人、無國籍人、外國組織在中華人民共和國進(jìn)行行政訴訟,委托律師代理訴訟的,應(yīng)當(dāng)委托中華人民共和國律師機(jī)構(gòu)的律師。
第十一章 附 則
第七十四條 人民法院審理行政案件,應(yīng)當(dāng)收取訴訟費(fèi)用。訴訟費(fèi)用由敗訴方承擔(dān),雙方都有責(zé)任的由雙方分擔(dān)。收取訴訟費(fèi)用的具體辦法另行規(guī)定。
第七十五條 本法自1990年10月1日起施行。
ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURE LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
Important Notice: (注意事項(xiàng))
英文本源自中華人民共和國務(wù)院法制局編譯, 中國法制出版社出版的《中華人民共和國涉外法規(guī)匯編》(1991年7月版).
當(dāng)發(fā)生歧意時(shí), 應(yīng)以法律法規(guī)頒布單位發(fā)布的中文原文為準(zhǔn).
This English document is coming from "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法規(guī)全文)
ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURE LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
(Adopted at the Second Session of the Seventh National People's
Congress on April 4, 1989, promulgated by Order No. 16 of the President of
the People's Republic of China on April 4, 1989, and effective as of
October 1, 1990)
Contents
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Scope of Accepting Cases
Chapter III Jurisdiction
Chapter IV Participants in Proceedings
Chapter V Evidence
Chapter VI Bringing a Suit and Accepting a Case
Chapter VII Trial and Judgment
Chapter VIII Execution
Chapter IX Liability for Compensation for Infringement of Rights
Chapter X Administrative Procedure Involving Foreign Interest
Chapter XI Supplementary Provisions
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1
Pursuant to the Constitution, this Law is enacted for the purpose of
ensuring the correct and prompt handling of administrative cases by the
people's courts, protecting the lawful rights and interests of citizens,
legal persons and other organizations, and safeguarding and supervising
the exercise of administrative powers by administrative organs in
accordance with the law.
Article 2
If a citizen, a legal person or any other organization considers that his
or its lawful rights and interests have been infringed upon by a specific
administrative act of an administrative organ or its personnel, he or it
shall have the right to bring a suit before a people's court in accordance
with this Law.
Article 3
The people's courts shall, in accordance with the law, exercise judicial
power independently with respect to administrative cases, and shall not be
subject to interference by any administrative organ, public organization
or individual. The people's courts shall set up administrative divisions
for the handling of administrative cases.
Article 4
In conducting administrative proceedings, the people's courts shall base
themselves on facts and take the law as the criterion.
Article 5
In handling administrative cases, the people's courts shall examine the
legality of specific administrative acts.
Article 6
In handling administrative cases, the people's courts shall, as prescribed
by law, apply the systems of collegial panel, withdrawal of judicial
personnel and public trial and a system whereby the second instance is the
final instance.
Article 7
Parties to an administrative suit shall have equal legal positions.
Article 8
Citizens of all nationalities shall have the right to use their native
spoken and written languages in administrative proceedings.
In an area where people of a minority nationality live in concentrated
communities or where a number of nationalities live together, the people's
courts shall conduct adjudication and issue legal documents in the
language or languages commonly used by the local nationalities.
The people's courts shall provide interpretation for participants in
proceedings who do not understand the language or languages commonly used
by the local nationalities.
Article 9
Parties to an administrative suit shall have the right to debate.
Article 10
The people's procuratorates shall have the right to exercise legal
supervision over administrative proceedings.
Chapter II Scope of Accepting Cases
Article 11
The people's courts shall accept suits brought by citizens, legal persons
or other organizations against any of the following specific
administrative acts:
(1) an administrative sanction, such as detention, fine, rescission of a
license or permit, order to suspend production or business or confiscation
of property, which one refuses to accept;
(2) a compulsory administrative measure, such as restricting freedom of
the person or the sealing up, seizing or freezing of property, which one
refuses to accept;
(3) infringement upon one's managerial decision-making powers, which is
considered to have been perpetrated by an administrative organ;
(4) refusal by an administrative organ to issue a permit or license, which
one considers oneself legally qualified to apply for, or its failure to
respond to the application;
(5) refusal by an administrative organ to perform its statutory duty of
protecting one's rights of the person and of property, as one has applied
for, or its failure to respond to the application;
(6) cases where an administrative organ is considered to have failed to
issue a pension according to law;
(7) cases where an administrative organ is considered to have illegally
demanded the performance of duties; and
(8) cases where an administrative organ is considered to have infringed
upon other rights of the person and of property.
Apart from the provisions set forth in the preceding paragraphs, the
people's courts shall accept other administrative suits which may be
brought in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws and
regulations.
Article 12
The people's courts shall not accept suits brought by citizens, legal
persons or other organizations against any of the following matters:
(1) acts of the state in areas like national defence and foreign affairs;
(2) administrative rules and regulations, regulations, or decisions and
orders with general binding force formulated and announced by
administrative organs;
(3) decisions of an administrative organ on awards or punishments for its
personnel or on the appointment or relief of duties of its personnel; and
(4) specific administrative acts that shall, as provided for by law, be
finally decided by an administrative organ.
Chapter III Jurisdiction
Article 13
The basic people's courts shall have jurisdiction as courts of first
instance over administrative cases.
Article 14
The intermediate people's courts shall have jurisdiction as courts of
first instance over the following administrative cases:
(1) cases of confirming patent rights of invention and cases handled by
the Customs;
(2) suits against specific administrative acts undertaken by departments
under the State Council or by the people's governments of provinces,
autonomous regions or municipalities directly under the Central
Government; and
(3) grave and complicated cases in areas under their jurisdiction.
Article 15
The higher people's courts shall have jurisdiction as courts of first
instance over grave and complicated administrative cases in areas under
their jurisdiction.
Article 16
The Supreme People's Court shall have jurisdiction as a court of first
instance over grave and complicated administrative cases in the whole
country.
Article 17
An administrative case shall be under the jurisdiction of the people's
court in the locality of the administrative organ that initially undertook
the specific administrative act. A reconsidered case in which the organ
conducting the reconsideration has amended the original specific
administrative act may also be placed under the jurisdiction of the
people's court in the locality of the administrative organ conducting the
reconsideration.
Article 18
A suit against compulsory administrative measures restricting freedom of
the person shall be under the jurisdiction of a people's court in the
place where the defendant or the plaintiff is located.
Article 19
An administrative suit regarding a real property shall be under the
jurisdiction of the people's court in the place where the real property is
located.
Article 20
When two or more people's courts have jurisdiction over a suit, the
plaintiff may have the option to bring the suit in one of these people's
courts. If the plaintiff brings the suit in two or more people's courts
that have jurisdiction over the suit, the people's court that first
receives the bill of complaint shall have jurisdiction.
Article 21
If a people's court finds that a case it has accepted is not under its
jurisdiction, it shall transfer the case to the people's court that does
have jurisdiction over the case. The people's court to which the case has
been transferred shall not on its own initiative transfer it to another
people's court.
Article 22
If a people's court which has jurisdiction over a case is unable to
exercise its jurisdiction for special reasons, a people's court at a
higher level shall designate another court to exercise the jurisdiction.
If a dispute arises over jurisdiction between people's courts, it shall be
resolved by the parties to the dispute through consultation. If the
dispute cannot be resolved through consultation, it shall be reported to a
people's court superior to the courts in dispute for the designation of
jurisdiction.
Article 23
People's courts at higher levels shall have the authority to adjudicate
administrative cases over which people's courts at lower levels have
jurisdiction as courts of first instance; they may also transfer
administrative cases over which they themselves have jurisdiction as
courts of first instance to people's courts at lower levels for trial. If
a people's court deems it necessary for an administrative case of first
instance under its jurisdiction to be adjudicated by a people's court at a
higher level, it may report to such a people's court for decision.
Chapter IV Participants in Proceedings
Article 24
A citizen, a legal person or any other organization that brings a suit in
accordance with this Law shall be a plaintiff.
If a citizen who has the right to bring a suit is deceased, his near
relatives may bring the suit.
If a legal person or any other organization that has the right to bring a
suit terminates, the legal person or any other organization that succeeds
to its rights may bring the suit.
Article 25
If a citizen, a legal person or any other organization, brings a suit
directly before a people's court, the administrative organ that undertook
the specific administrative act shall be the defendant.
For a reconsidered case, if the organ that conducted the reconsideration
sustains the original specific administrative act, the administrative
organ that initially undertook the act shall be the defendant; if the
organ that conducted the reconsideration has amended the original specific
administrative act, the administrative organ which conducted the
reconsideration shall be the defendant.
If two or more administrative organs have undertaken the same specific
administrative act, the administrative organs that have jointly undertaken
the act shall be the joint defendants.
If a specific administrative act has been undertaken by an organization
authorized to undertake the act by the law or regulations, the
organization shall be the defendant. If a specific administrative act has
been undertaken by an organization as entrusted by an administrative
organ, the entrusting organ shall be the defendant.
If an administrative organ has been abolished, the administrative organ
that carries on the exercise of functions and powers of the abolished
organ shall be the defendant.
Article 26
A joint suit shall be constituted when one party or both parties consist
of two or more persons and the administrative cases are against the same
specific administrative act or against the specific administrative acts of
the same nature and the people's court considers that the cases can be
handled together.
Article 27
If any other citizen, legal person or any other organization has interests
in a specific administrative act under litigation, he or it may, as a
third party, file a request to participate in the proceedings or may
participate in them when so notified by the people's court.
Article 28
Any citizen with no capacity to take part in litigation shall have one or
more legal representatives who will act on his behalf in a suit. If the
legal representatives try to shift their responsibilities onto each other,
the people's court may appoint one of them as the representative of the
principal in litigation.
Article 29
Each party or legal representative may entrust one or two persons to
represent him in litigation.
A lawyer, a public organization, a near relative of the citizen bringing
the suit, or a person recommended by the unit to which the citizen
bringing the suit belongs or any other citizen approved by the people's
court may be entrusted as an agent ad litem.
Article 30
A lawyer who serves as an agent ad litem may consult materials pertaining
to the case in accordance with relevant provisions, and may also
investigate among and collect evidence from the organizations and citizens
concerned. If the information involves state secrets or the private
affairs of individuals, he shall keep it confidential in accordance with
relevant provisions of the law.
With the approval of the people's court, parties and other agents ad litem
may consult the materials relating to the court proceedings of the case,
except those that involve state secrets or the private affairs of
individuals.
Chapter V Evidence
Article 31
Evidence shall be classified as follows:
(1) documentary evidence;
(2) material evidence;
(3) audio-visual material;
(4) testimony of witnesses;
(5) statements of the parties;
(6) expert conclusions; and
(7) records of inquests and records made on the scene.
Any of the above-mentioned evidence must be verified by the court before
it can be taken as a basis for ascertaining a fact.
Article 32
The defendant shall have the burden of proof for the specific
administrative act he has undertaken and shall provide the evidence and
regulatory documents in accordance with which the act has been undertaken.
Article 33
In the course of legal proceedings, the defendant shall not by himself
collect evidence from the plaintiff and witnesses.
Article 34
A people's court shall have the authority to request the parties to
provide or supplement evidence.
A people's court shall have the authority to obtain evidence from the
relevant administrative organs, other organizations or citizens.
Article 35
In the course of legal proceedings, when a people's court considers that
an expert evaluation for a specialized problem is necessary, the expert
evaluation shall be made by an expert evaluation department as specified
by law. In the absence of such a department, the people's court shall
designate one to conduct the expert evaluation.
中華人民共和國行政訴訟法(附英文)
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